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As the US coronavirus death toll neared 65 000 on Friday, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved emergency use of the first drug that seems to boost recovery among Covid-19 patients.
Remdesivir, Gilead Sciences' intravenous antiviral medication, is to be used for hospitalised patients with "severe disease", such as those who need supplemental oxygen or ventilators to breathe, the Associated Press reported.
"This was lightning speed in terms of getting something approved," FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn said during a media briefing Friday, calling the drug "an important clinical advance".
The agency based its decision on the results of a government study that showed remdesivir shortened the time to recovery by 31% for Covid-19 patients in the hospital, the AP reported.
Available by January
Those given the drug were able to leave the hospital in 11 days, on average, versus 15 days for the comparison group. The drug may also help avoid deaths, but there is not yet enough evidence to prove that definitively, the AP reported.
That wasn't the only good news to come from the medical front of the coronavirus pandemic this week.
On Thursday, the White House announced an initiative to produce a Covid-19 vaccine that could be available nationwide by January.
President Donald Trump said it is not too optimistic to try to produce roughly 300 million doses of vaccine in eight months, enough for all Americans, the Washington Post reported.
A vaccine for all Americans by January?
"No, I'm not overpromising. I don't know who said it, but whatever the maximum is, whatever you can humanly do, we're going to have. And we hope we're going to come up with a good vaccine," Trump said during a coronavirus task force briefing on Thursday.
Even the shorter timeline still means there would be no full protection from the new coronavirus until after most Americans are likely to have returned to work or school.
Dubbed "Operation Warp Speed", the goal is to produce hundreds of millions of doses by January, Dr Anthony Fauci, the nation's top infectious diseases expert, said on Thursday.
"We want to go quickly, but we want to make sure it's safe and it's effective," he said on the "Today" show. "I think that is doable if things fall in the right place."
That's likely welcome news to the millions of businesses that have had to shut down or curtail operations during six weeks of stay-at-home orders, with 3.8 million Americans added to the nation's jobless rolls on Thursday. That brings the six-week total to more than 30 million newly unemployed, The New York Times reported.
As the US coronavirus case count climbed past 1 million and the death toll neared 65 000, Trump signed an executive order this week that forces beleaguered meat processing plants to stay open so the country's food supply isn't threatened.
The order used the Defense Production Act to classify meat processing as critical infrastructure, to try to keep chicken, pork and other meat flowing to supermarket coolers, the AP reported.
More than 20 meatpacking plants have been shuttered under pressure from local authorities and their own workers because of the virus. Others have slowed production as workers have fallen ill or stayed home to avoid getting sick, the wire service said.
Emphasis on testing
Earlier this week, Trump announced a "blueprint" for boosting testing capacity nationwide.
The national guidance says states must develop their own testing plans and rapid-response programmes while the White House provides "strategic direction and technical assistance", and helps "align laboratory testing supplies and capacity with existing and anticipated laboratory needs", the Post reported.
Admiral Brett Giroir, the assistant secretary for health, told CBS News that the Trump administration is prepared to send all 50 states enough tests to screen 2% of their population per month for the virus, roughly 6.6 million people per month.
Physical distancing orders remain a patchwork across the United States. Governors in hard-hit New York and Michigan are keeping stay-at-home orders in place until at least mid-May, while their counterparts in Georgia, Oklahoma and Alaska have already allowed certain businesses to reopen, the AP reported.
Still, even as states start to reopen for business, a new study suggests that many of the tests needed to prove that workers might be immune to the new coronavirus are faulty.
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, and UC San Francisco tested 14 of the leading blood antibody tests. These tests look for antibodies proving that a person has already encountered the novel coronavirus and might have some immunity to Covid-19, the Times reported. Such immunity would be crucial in allowing a person to safely return to the workplace.
But the research team found that only three of the 14 tests delivered consistently reliable results, and even those three were not perfect. Just one test was accurate enough that it never delivered a false-positive result (in which a person is identified as having antibodies for the new coronavirus when in fact he or she did not).
Outcomes were worse when it came to false-negative test results, the Times reported. False-negative findings mean that a person is falsely found to have not been exposed to the coronavirus, when in fact he or she has been exposed. Among the best three tests out of the 14 reviewed, testing correctly spotted antibodies in infected people only 90% of the time, the report found.
In the meantime, economic hardship from the coronavirus-linked lockdown continues. The US House passed a $484 billion deal last week that would replenish a small business loan programme that has run out of funding. The bill also directs more money to hospitals and Covid-19 testing.
States craft reopening plans
New York remains the epicentre of the coronavirus outbreak in the United States, though deaths and hospitalisations continued to decline, CBS News reported. The Navy hospital ship Comfort left New York City's harbour this week after treating 182 patients during its 30-day mission.
In preparation for a reopening in the coming weeks, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo has announced the state will implement the "most aggressive" antibody testing program in the country, CBS News reported.
He has also issued an executive order stating all New Yorkers must have a mask or mouth and nose covering when they are not maintaining physical distancing in public, CBS News reported.
According to a Times tally, the top five states in coronavirus cases as of Saturday morning are: New York with over 313 000 cases; New Jersey with more than 121 000; Massachusetts with more than 64 000; Illinois with over 56 000; and California with more than 52 000.
Governor Gavin Newsom announced the re-closure of beaches in Orange County on Friday. Crowds had formed on those beaches last weekend, stoking renewed fears of viral transmission.
"My job as governor is to keep you safe," Newsom said. "And when our health folks tell me they can't promise that if we promote another weekend like we had, then I have to make this adjustment."
However, Newsom sounded a positive note about the state's reopening plans on Friday, the Post reported.
"We said 'weeks, not months,' about four or five days ago," Newsom said during his daily briefing. "I want to say 'many days, not weeks.' As long as we continue to be prudent and thoughtful in certain modifications, I think we'll be making some announcements."
Countries around the world grapple with coronavirus
In Asia, where the coronavirus first struck, several countries are finally returning to a new normal.
Chinese health officials said this week that Wuhan, the original epicentre of the pandemic in China, has no coronavirus patients in its hospitals.
South Korea and Hong Kong also appear to have curbed coronavirus for now: This week, South Korea reported that for the first time since the virus' 29 February peak, there were no new domestic cases and only four travel-related ones. The story was similar in Hong Kong, which reported no new cases for five straight days, the Times said. The city had a resurgence in infections in late March that prompted strict lockdowns on travel, physical distancing measures and the widespread adoption of work-from-home policies, the newspaper said.
Elsewhere in the world, the situation remains challenging. After publishing new numbers that now include deaths outside of hospitals, the United Kingdom posted the third-highest coronavirus death toll in the world, at more than 27 500, the AP reported. That country has now surpassed Spain and France for Covid-19 deaths in Europe, with only Italy still ahead, the wire service said. The United States still has the world's highest death toll, at nearly 65 000.
Spain reported over 24 540 deaths by Saturday, despite signs the infection rate is slowing there, a Johns Hopkins University tally showed. Deaths in Italy also remain high at 28 236, although numbers have levelled off there as well. Both countries are cautiously reopening their economies.
Meanwhile, signs emerged that the virus has been all but vanquished in New Zealand and Australia.
Brazil looks like it could become the next hotspot in the coronavirus pandemic, however. By Saturday, the South American country had reported more than 6 400 deaths and over 92 000 confirmed infections, according to the Johns Hopkins tally. But the true numbers are believed to be vastly higher.
Russia was also struggling to contain the spread of coronavirus, as the case count in that country surpassed 124 000 on Saturday, the Hopkins tally showed. Moscow remains the most virus-stricken part of the country, but there are growing concerns that infections could surge in more remote regions with weaker health systems, the Post reported.
Worldwide, the number of reported infections passed 3.3 million on Saturday, with more than 239 000 deaths, according to the Hopkins tally.
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