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By Bettie Kemp, You Pulse.
WHEN Anriëtte van Wyk of Fairland in Johannesburg received the news five years ago her life was turned upside down. Nothing would ever be the same again, not for her or her parents.
She was getting good marks at school and was a highjump champion. But after returning from a school trip the 10-year-old with the long dark hair felt nauseous, listless and tired.
Doctors could find nothing wrong with her but finally her GP sent her to hospital so a gastroenterologist (a specialist in diseases of the stomach and intestines) could do tests.
Not a simple problem
While on his ward rounds he saw her vomiting heavily. Clearly this wasn’t a simple tummy problem.
An MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan confirmed the specialist’s worst fears: Anriëtte had a large tumour deep in her brain. It was a medulla blastoma, a malignant brain tumour that usually originates in the cerebellum, quickly spreads to the rest of the brain and spinal cord and can damage vital areas of the brain.
Diagnosing a brain tumour early is extremely difficult. By the time a child experiences nausea, vomiting, headaches and other symptoms the tumour has usually been growing for an average of five months.
Anriëtte had to have an operation immediately. The specialist couldn’t say what her chances of survival were.
Only an operation could show whether the tumour had already penetrated her brain – in which case there would be nothing doctors could do.
Say goodbye
"We went with her right up to the theatre doors," Anriëtte’s dad, Gert, says. "The doctor told us, ‘Say goodbye to her now’. We didn’t know if we’d see her again."
The doctors had to work extremely carefully, millimetre by millimetre, because the growth was against the brain stem and the area that controls breathing. One tiny mistake and she could stop breathing and die on the operating table – or she could end up blind, deaf or paralysed.
‘‘We were so grateful and relieved when it became clear the operation had gone well,’’ Anriëtte’s mother, Mariëtte, says. ‘‘We thought it was all over and the malignant stuff was all out. The doctor spoke of some post-op treatment. Little did we realise we were facing a full year of chemotherapy and radiation and all their drastic side-effects.’’
Anriëtte’s parents still aren’t sure whether it was the right decision to make their daughter go through chemotherapy and radiation. However without these treatments there was a good chance the tumour would regrow within 18 months and take her life. ‘‘Your first chance at eradicating it remains your best,’’ their oncologist insisted. Yet even with the treatments there was no guarantee the cancer wouldn’t come back.
Deaf and blind
The family had to face the possibility of terrible loss. One oncologist didn’t mince words: your child could survive but be deaf and blind and never be able to go back to school, he said. And that could easily have been the case.
Irradiating the brain and spinal column of a growing child can lead to memory, learning and hearing problems and growth retardation. It can also change the child’s social and emotional behaviour. But radiation is also one of the best means of shrinking a tumour and halting its growth. When Anriëtte went in for the first of her chemo and radiation treatments Gert pleaded with the doctors, ‘‘Just make sure my child doesn’t go blind or deaf.’’
He says the doctor spent weeks making meticulous preparations. He had a protective mask moulded for Anriëtte’s head and neck so the radiation wouldn’t destroy healthy tissue.
Her treatments became a way of life – three months of chemo followed by 48 sessions of radiation, then another three months of chemo . . .
The treatments had the same side-effects: she became tired and nauseous. The Van Wyks’ GP says he once had to give Anriëtte an injection on Christmas Day to ease the effects of the chemo.
Nevertheless, on the way to her sessions at the hospital the family would chat about ordinary things, just like ordinary people – discussing the movies they want to watch or Anriëtte’s favourite videogames. ‘‘For me the worst was being in hospital,’’ Anriëtte says. ‘‘I missed my friends a lot. But when you’re that sick you just have to keep believing.”
"The children with cancer who do best are those who stay positive," says Dr Charmaine Jacobs, a children’s oncologist at Unitas Hospital in Pretoria. "It helps the healing."
Anriëtte went to school on her good days but mostly the family helped her keep up with her studies at home. ‘‘Put your books aside for a while,’’ a doctor once told her. ‘‘The schoolwork is tiring you too much.” His words had a major impact – it was as if Anriëtte was being told she had nothing more to live for. She withdrew even more and it seemed she’d given up hope.
The turning point
Then came the turning point. The Reach for a Dream Foundation asked her about her biggest dream. She had three, she told them. And all three came true for her – she received a laptop computer (from the Dream team), a helicopter ride (arranged by the SAPS) and a skiing holiday in Italy (from mom and dad).
‘‘She so badly wanted to touch real snow,’’ Gert says. ‘‘She was playing in the snow when she looked at me and simply said, ‘Daddy, I want to live’.’’
Perhaps the fulfilment of her dreams helped make up for the many losses that Anriëtte, like most children who develop life-threatening illnesses, have had to cope with. ‘‘Children still have to come to terms with the things they’ve lost long after the disease has been beaten and those emotional scars remain part of their lives,’’ clinical psychologist Dr Erika van der Wateren-Wakeford of Centurion says.
For Anriëtte, who was her school’s victrix ludorum and had achieved Gauteng colours for high jump, it meant not being able to take part in her favourite sport because her coordination had been affected.
The odd one out
She has taken up swimming, for the exercise and because she enjoys it – but it’s not the same. She used to be part of a group and when she could no longer take part competitively she became the outsider, the odd one out, her mom says. ‘‘Children make friends at sport practice and social events. Anriëtte misses her friends because they’ve moved on without her.’’
‘‘Well, she has also moved on in a sense,’’ Gert says. ‘‘On an emotional level she’s much more mature than they are. She’s experienced things none of us have been through. But on a social level she has been left behind in a way.’’
Anriëtte’s illness has also taught them just how cruel children can be. ‘‘Parents probably aren’t always aware how their children behave at school,’’ Mariëtte says. ‘‘Anriëtte told me kids used to run away from her – just because she was different.
‘‘As a mother you have such a clear picture of your child on the day everything came to a standstill. You saw the potential. And now you see how everything has changed. Sometimes you can’t help thinking, what would she have been like if all this didn’t happen?’’
‘‘Children who survive cancer literally get a second chance at life but they have to learn to live that life all over again,’’ Dr Van der Wateren-Wakeford explains. ‘‘Their entire being is affected. They look different which affects their selfimage and self-esteem. They lose some of their social skills and can become introverted. These are changes that don’t disappear overnight.’’
Anriëtte has also had to come to terms with the fact that her short-term memory has been affected. But she’s back at school and doing well – she’s in Grade 9 and maintains an average of more than 70 per cent.
In a tall family Anriëtte is the short one. ‘‘Because of the radiation she has stopped growing,’’ Gert says, paging through the 2004 Moments in Time calendar that depicts cancer patients’ moments of hope. We look at a glossy black-and-white photograph of Anriëtte taken just after she’d completed her treatment. It’s hard to recognise her in the short, trendy wig.
The greatest loss
They all agree her hair was the greatest loss. Her thick, long tresses were Anriëtte’s pride and joy. She didn’t ever want to cut her hair. And then it all fell out. ‘‘She pulled the last bits out herself,’’ Mariëtte says. ‘‘The radiation destroyed the roots of her hair so it won’t all grow back again.’’
Anriëtte strokes her hair – the result of two hair transplants. They plan to have more done in future. ‘‘But you know what?’’ Gert asks. ‘‘Her hair reminds me of the grace and mercy we’ve received. It makes me extremely grateful. If her hair grew back perhaps we’d forget.’’ There’s a moment of silence before Mariëtte speaks.
‘‘It’s five years on, the time required before you’re declared ‘cured’. But you never know for sure. We’re still tense before each annual checkup.’’ Still, Anriëtte was pronounced ‘‘clean’’ at her recent five-year check-up so for all intents and purposes she’s beaten the disease.
Studies show a combination of surgery, chemo and radiation can ensure a five-year or longer survival period in up to 80 per cent of children if a medulla blastoma is diagnosed early.
Anriëtte has begun developing other skills. She has painting lessons and does beadwork. ‘‘I thought I’d like to teach other kids who’re sick to do beadwork,’’ she says. Her parents regard this as a huge step forward – their daughter, who had become so introverted, is once again reaching out to others.
Becoming part of life again
She’s becoming part of life again, emerging from the cocoon they’d spun around her to protect her from the outside world. Anriëtte seems distracted during our photoshoot at the Roodepoort swimming pool. Afterwards she gets back into the pool, diving deep down into the water that seems to envelop and protect her. When she breaks the smooth surface her smile is spontaneous.
Later at Wonderboom Airport the photographer uses a parachute as a symbol of the tumbling fall every young cancer patient has to face. After the chute is opened and buckled onto Anriëtte it unexpectedly balloons in the brisk spring breeze. She holds on tight as she’s briefly lifted off the ground.
The photographer raises his camera, clicks and laughs. ‘‘They’re certainly not going to drag her back to Earth any time soon!’’ he says.
(This is an edited version of an article that originally appeared in the Summer 2007/2008 edition of YOU Pulse / Huisgenoot-POLS. The current edition is on sale now.)
For more information:
Reach for a Dream Foundation
011-781-0133; www.reachforadream.org.za
Childhood Cancer Foundation SA (CHOC)
011-486-1212; www.choc.org.za
Cancer Foundation of SA: Helpline
0800-22-66-22; www.cansa.org.za
