Scary tumour to be renamed

A common, non-malignant tumour of the breast called ductal carcinoma in-situ or DCIS may need a name change because the word "carcinoma" scares so many women, a US panel of experts have said.

They said the term carcinoma creates a lot of worry in women who fear they will develop cancer, even though long-term survival rates for DCIS are excellent, approaching 100%.

"We've had long discussions about this," said Dr Susan Reed of the University of Washington School of Medicine. She was one of several independent panellists asked by the National Institutes of Health to look into whether too many women are being treated too aggressively for a condition that is poorly understood.

"If you use a word that evokes fear, as the word carcinoma may, I think we need to consider is that appropriate," said Reed, who favours changing the name to something less scary.

DCIS is a condition in which abnormal cells accumulate in the breast duct, but have not spread to other tissues in the breast.

Natural history still unknown
Since the start of widespread mammography screening in the 1980s, rates of DCIS diagnoses have increased sevenfold. By 2020, an estimated 1 million US women will be living with a DCIS diagnosis.

And because most women diagnosed with DCIS get treated for it -- with surgery to remove the cells and sometimes radiation -- little is known about how much of a risk it presents, or whether some women might do well with less or no treatment.

"Despite having had a century of knowledge of the disease, we do not understand the natural history of DCIS, and probably never will," Dr. Carmen Allegra of the University of Florida, who chaired the panel, told the briefing.

After two days of scientific presentations and many discussions, the panel is urging scientists to come up with better ways to determine which women with DCIS might develop invasive breast cancer.

"Given that this diagnosis has significant emotional impact for the women diagnosed with it, we felt it was critical to develop methods that would allow a very precise determination of exactly which patients would ultimately be at risk for developing invasive disease," Allegra said.

Experts divided on issue
And he said the medical community needs to at least consider whether the name of the condition, which raises the spectre of cancer, may need to be changed.

Not all panel members think that is a good idea.

Dr Arnold Schwartz, a surgical pathologist at George Washington University Hospital, said the cells that eventually replace the duct are identical to the cells in invasive cancer, suggesting that DCIS is a precursor to cancer.

"We have many other cancers in the body and precursor cancers that are also called carcinoma in-situ. Cancers of the skin, head and neck, oesophagus and bladder also have the term carcinoma without any emotional impact," he said.

More than 400 000 women in the world die from breast cancer each year. – (Reuters Health, September 2009)

Read more:
Cancer threatens poorer nations
Cancer affects health of spouse too