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While having a cat as a kid may protect against future allergies, getting one in adulthood nearly doubles the chances of developing an immune reaction to it – the first step toward wheezing, sneezing and itchy eyes.
That's according to a study that found people with other allergies were at extra high risk of reacting to a new feline in the house.
"If you are an adult with asthma and/or allergies, you should think twice about getting a cat and particularly, if you do so, letting it into your bedroom," said Dr Andy Nish of the Allergy and Asthma Care Centre in Gainesville, Georgia, who wasn't involved in the new work.
For the study, researchers surveyed more than 6 000 adult Europeans twice over nine years and took blood samples. None of participants had antibodies against cat in their blood to begin with, meaning they weren't sensitised to the animal's dander.
Sensitisation not leading to symptoms
Sensitisation can also be measured in a skin prick test. It doesn't necessarily lead to symptoms, but in many cases it is the harbinger of full-blown allergies.
About 3% of people who didn't have a cat at either survey became sensitised over the study, compared to 5% of those who acquired a cat during those nine years.
Four in 10 of the newly sensitised also said they experienced allergy symptoms around animals – four times the rate seen among people without antibodies against cats.
The findings, by Dr Mario Olivieri of the University Hospital of Verona in Italy and colleagues, appear in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
Keep cats out of bedroom
The team found that people who'd had a cat in childhood had a much smaller risk of becoming sensitised to it than those who were new cat owners.
"We thought that having a cat in early childhood may be protective against the development of cat allergy in childhood, but this study seems to indicate that that protection extends into adulthood," said Nish.
It also turned out that only people who let their pet into the bedroom became sensitised.
"Keeping the cat out of the bedroom is a step I have always advised," said Nish. "It is remarkable that none who did not allow the cat in the bedroom became sensitised."
Best to keep them outdoors
For people who have a cat and have become allergic, he recommended finding a new home for the pet.
"Second best is to keep the cat outdoors always," Nish added. "If it comes in even occasionally, its dander will remain in the house for months. If the cat needs to be indoors, at least keep it out of your bedroom, consider a HEPA filter for your bedroom and consider washing the cat at least once a week."
Nish said that there are also medical treatment options for people who can't or won't avoid pet contact, including allergy shots and immunotherapy.
(Reuters Health, December 2011)
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