Risk factors for essential hypertension include: - Family history of hypertension
- Increased age
- Black ethnicity
- Sensitivity to sodium (salt) intake
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Low intake of potassium, magnesium and calcium
- Obesity
- Physical inactivity
People with hypertension are at increased risk of developing complications if the following associated factors are present: - Cigarette smoking
- High cholesterol levels
- Diabetes
- Family history of early coronary artery disease in a parent or sibling (before age 45 for men or 55 for women)
- Male sex
- Black ethnicity
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