In South Africa, unselected screening for all women would not be cost-effective in most cases. The following guidelines are used to decide whether or not a woman should have a bone mass measurement:
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The presence of disorders known to affect bone mass adversely:
Menopause before the age of 45 years, prolonged absence or irregularity of periods, or other causes of malfunction of the reproductive organs
Endocrine (glandular), gut, malignant, collagen or nutritional/eating disorders
Use of drugs which are toxic to bone
X-ray evidence of osteopaenia (thin bones) or deformity of the spine
Women who are considering hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or who have been on HRT for a long time and are considering stopping. Knowing your bone mineral density can help you make the decision
A history of fractures which were caused by falls or minimal trauma
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