There are numerous injuries that can be sustained by the lower limb, including fractures, sprains, strains and shinsplints.

About 5% of rugby injuries are to the calf muscles. Backs are particularly vulnerable to leg injuries.

Injuries to the lower leg include shin and muscle bruises and contusions, calf strains and ruptures, and leg fractures. You also encounter medial tibial stress syndrome and exertional compartment syndrome - problems commonly referred to as shin splints.

Stress fractures of the tibia and the fibula are some of the incidents of injury that also occur.

Muscles of the lower leg
The most important muscles of the lower leg are the calf muscles and muscles on the outside front of your shin:

• The calf muscle consists of the Gastrocnemius muscle (a well-developed gastrocnemius will look like two aubergines under your skin) and the lower soleus muscle.
• The “shin” (anterior compartment) muscles are used to lift your foot while walking. These muscles are involved in the painful condition known as “shin splints”. Some people develop pain in their front lower legs when they suddenly undertake long walks or runs. The pain follows due to swelling of the muscles from overuse. It is very important to stretch these muscles.