Professor Ronald W. Pero and colleagues, while working at the department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lund University in Southern Sweden, discovered that an ammonium-chelated form of quinic acid halts day-to-day random DNA-damage and enhances DNA repair to such an extent that it may play a major role in combating degenerative disease and the effects of ageing.
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Pero and colleagues – the first to identify quinic acid analogues as the primary bioactive component of hot water extracts of Uncaria tomentosa, used for generations by Indians in Peru for its medicinal properties – discovered that ammonium chelated quinic acid leads to an increase in tryptophan and NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) levels, and inhibits the activation of NFkB (Nuclear factor kappa B).
In a complex set of pathways and actions, all three of these factors – almost like a perfect three-pronged approach – lead to enhanced DNA repair, enhanced immune function, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour activity, and weight loss.
All these effects are associated with anti-ageing – as are DNA, NAD, NFkB, Gleevec, and the Anti-inflammation Anti-ageing Perricone Diet.
Ammonium-chelated quinic acid is the result of scientific evidence amassed over a period of more than ten years of dedicated research, including numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, followed by four years of product development and clinical trials.
The properties of an anti-ageing substance
A substance will be able to halt or reverse the effects of ageing if it can:
1. Disarm the trigger before the damage is done
2. Inhibit the random damage to the DNA or protect the DNA from the onslaught
3. Enhance DNA repair
4. Inhibit the activation of NFkB and other malignant processes.
What ammonium-chelated quinic acid (Quinmax) can do
Scientific evidence on quinic acid and related natural products confirms that these products lead to: 1. DNA repair enhancement. Quinic acid, Quinmax™ and C-Med-100 were all shown to prevent cell death after exposure to a DNA damaging agent, DXR, presumably by removing or otherwise preventing DNA damage (69437.2WO. Pero inventor. Medicinal compositions of salts, chelates and/or free acids of alpha hydroxyl organic acids and related processes and methods). White blood cells of rats (WBC) or mouse spleen cells (WBC) were increased in vivo after oral administration of quinic acid, either by gavage or in drinking water from 7.2 to > 8.2 x106 cells/ml or 6.2 to 8.3 x109 cells/ml, respectively (Sheng et al 2001, 2005; Åkesson 2005, Pero et al 2005). This data equals a 13-25% increase in the protection of DNA from damage and resulting cell death. If extrapolated into a lifespan, which is logically reasonable, an average age of 90 years could be increased to 112 years by the ingestion of optimal amounts of quinic acid during the course of one’s life.
2. Enhancement of immune function: Because C-Med-100-induced growth responses of immune competent cells are mimicked by quinic acid, it was also observed that quinic acid improved immune function by increasing the number of fully functional lymphocytes without suppressing antigenic responses to growth stimuli (Åkesson et al 2003A, 2005).
3. Weight Loss: Both C-Med-100 and its active ingredient, quinic acid, have been shown to induce weight loss at high doses or in synergised formulations, again demonstrating parallel modes of action (Pero et al 2005; Åkesson et al 2005).
4. NF-kB inhibition, anti-inflammation, ozone injury and inhibition of dementia/Alzheimer’s: Water extracts of Uncaria tomentosa prevented ozone injury in the lungs of mice (Cisneros et al 2005) and induced dissolution of amyloid bodies in Alzheimer models (Castillo and Snow U.S patent # 6,346,280 issued Feb. 2002). Since both quinic acid and C-Med-100 are potent inhibitors of NF-kB, they are also powerful antioxidants. They stop the production of oxygen radicals via pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition (Sandoval et al 2000; Åkesson et al 2003B, 2005). Hence, quinic acid is expected to be a potent anti-inflammatory.
5. Anti-tumour activity: The most common form of quinic acid encountered in nature exists as esters, but esters are likely to be hydrolyzed in the stomach and GI tract to form quinic acid. Both quinic acid and quinic acid esters have been shown to be effective in controlling tumour growth, both by inhibiting proliferation and invasiveness of tumour cell growth (Yagasaki et al 2000; Hata et al 1992).
How Quinmax does it
Pero and colleagues were able to find evidence to explain how ammonium-chelated quinic acid (Quinmax) with added minerals (Aqua Bimini) halts the effects of ageing.
These products:
1. Enhance the biosynthesis of tryptophane by acting as a metabolite precursor in the shikimate pathway for aromatic amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine). This model explains the enhanced immune response (due to increased tryptophan levels) (as shown in clinical trials) and the inhibition of the enzyme IDO (indolediamine oxygenase) (as shown in clinical trials) to sustain the tryptophan-kyrunenine balance.
2. Increased levels of tryptophane (as shown in clinical trials) in turn result in increased levels of nicotinamide (vitamin B3) (as shown in clinical trials) and production of serotonin. Increased nicotinamide leads to increased production of NAD. Over 500 chemical reactions in the body require NAD/NADP as essential co-factors, including the endonucleases, exonucleases, polymerases and ligases involved in DNA repair. With more NAD available, enhanced DNA repair is possible (as proven by serum thiol tests). This model explains the added effects of weight loss and feelings of wellbeing (due to increase in tryptophan-nicotinamide-NAD- serotonin), and increased cell survival [as proven] due to increased NAD production).
5. Are quickly metabolized, with hippuric acid as the final excretory form of quinic acid. Even increased levels of hippuric acid (as shown in clinical trials) may contribute to health effects in two possible ways: by directly competing with kyrunenine to inhibit the degradation of tryptophan by IDO, or by stimulating the gastroinstestinal absorption of tryptophan, and thus counteracting the immunosuppressive effects of tryptophan degradation.
6. Inhibits the activation of NFkB. These models explain its effect against cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, viral infections, ageing and a growing list of disorders.
The latest scientific evidence unveils a specific combination of the amnonium-chelated form of quinic acid with added minerals in water (Aqua Bimini) as one of the most powerful anti-ageing substance yet discovered.
The identification of quinic acid as the active ingredients of Uncaria tomentosa also refutes the belief that oxindole alkaloids may be the active ingredient.
The substance responsible for the high rate of DNA repair in cells is available in South Africa, as bottled water containg the ammonium-chelated form of quinic acid with added minerals, sold as Aqua Bimini.
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