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Advances in HIV/Aids treatment have meant more people are living healthier, longer lives. But with the benefits of anti-HIV medication come potential side effects.
The side effects of anti-retroviral treatment range from mild to severe. Some can continue for just a few days or weeks, especially at the start of therapy, but others might continue as long as you take medication, or even after you stop. Some occur within days or weeks of starting a drug while others may only show up after months or years of therapy.
Fortunately, the newer generation of anti-retroviral treatments has fewer side effects. The reality, however, is that some of them can still affect you in one or more negative ways.
Before beginning treatment, be honest with your doctor about any supplements or drugs you're taking, including those that are recreational or classified as an alternative therapy.
Actively engage your doctor about the potential side effects of prescribed HIV treatment so you know what to expect. In this way, you can develop coping strategy.
Common short-term side effects and ways to deal with them:
• Fatigue: Take brief naps when time allows. Also try to lessen your workload and do your best to eat balanced meals.
• Nausea or vomiting: Avoid fatty foods, drink a lot of water to remain hydrated, keep your meals small, and chew on a few dry, whole-wheat crackers whenever you’re feeling nauseous.
• Dizziness or headaches: An over-the-counter pain reliever may help. Also try to avoid loud noise and bright light.
• Pain and nerve problems: Always wear loose-fitting shoes and make a point of looking after your feet: soak them in ice water, and massage them. Try ibuprofen or non-steroidal anti-inflammatories if you experience pain.
• A skin rash: Avoid long, hot showers or baths and skin products with alcohol or harsh chemicals. Try moisturising lotions and sunscreen, and petroleum jelly on dry, itchy areas.
• Weight loss: Talk to your doctor or a nutritionist about ways you can maintain a healthy weight. For example, high-protein shakes as well as other products high in protein and low in sugar may be recommended for some people.
It’s important to monitor these side effects, which usually improve within a few weeks. If, on the other hand, they’re severe and persistent, discuss with your doctor whether you can change the dose or the way you’re taking the medication. Communication with your physician is key to finding the most effective therapy. Also, don’t change or stop taking a medication if you experience side effects. This is dangerous as it can increase the risk of HIV developing resistance to drugs.
