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Smoking has long been tied to a number of cancers, and now another tumour type, skin cancer, may join that list.
A new review of data finds that lighting up may boost the risk of a common type of nonmelanoma skin cancer.
How the study was done
Researchers sifted through the results of 25 studies conducted in 11 countries worldwide. Most of the studies included middle-aged to elderly people.
This "meta-analysis" revealed that smoking was associated with a 52% increased risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer, according to Jo Leonardi-Bee, of the U.K. Center for Tobacco Control Studies at the University of Nottingham in England, and colleagues.
Squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas - collectively known as nonmelanoma skin cancer - account for about 97% of all skin cancers. The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is rising worldwide, with about two million to three million new cases each year.
The authors said they found no clear association between smoking and basal cell carcinomas. The findings were published online in the journal Archives of Dermatology.
Early detection important
"This study highlights the importance for clinicians to actively survey high-risk patients, including current smokers, to identify early skin cancers, since early diagnosis can improve prognosis because early lesions are simpler to treat compared with larger or neglected lesions," the researchers concluded.
This isn't the first time smoking has been link to skin cancer. In December, researchers reporting in the journal Cancer Causes Control said that women diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma were twice as likely to have been smokers than those who were free of the disease.
The study, led by Dana Rollison, an associate member in the Moffitt Cancer Center department of cancer epidemiology, in Tampa, Fla., also found that men who were long-term smokers were at slightly higher risk for basal cell carcinomas.
Speaking at the time, Dr. Jeffrey Dover, associate clinical professor of dermatology at Yale University Medical School, said the findings weren't surprising because "we know cigarette smoke contains carcinogens" and smokers are "blowing the smoke and ash around their faces all day."
Squamous cell cancer occurs in the epidermis, the top layer of skin, and can spread to other organs. Basal cell skin cancer occurs in the dermis, the skin layer beneath the epidermis. While it does not spread to other organs, it is far more common than squamous cell cancer.
Read more:
Three types of skin cancer
More information
The American Academy of Family Physicians has more about skin cancer.
(Copyright © 2012 HealthDay. All rights reserved.)
