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A common form of heart trouble called diastolic dysfunction appears to worsen over time and may lead to an increased risk of heart failure, new research shows.
In people with diastolic dysfunction, which often comes with advancing age, the heart's left ventricle fills with blood in an abnormal way and is accompanied by elevated filling pressures.
The new study included more than 2,000 people aged 45 and older who participated in Minnesota's Olmsted County Heart Function Study. They were assessed from 1997 to 2000, and their diastolic left ventricular function was graded as being normal or having mild, moderate or severe dysfunction.
Participants were invited back for a second examination between 2001 and 2004, and more than 1,400 of them underwent follow-up testing for new-onset heart failure between 2004 and 2010.
Between the first and second examination, the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction of any degree increased from about 24% to more than 39%. Moderate or severe diastolic dysfunction rose from 6.4% to 16%.
During the four years between examinations, diastolic function worsened in just over 23% of participants, remained unchanged in about 68 percent and improved in around 9%.
Older people, especially those over 65, were more likely to develop diastolic dysfunction.
During the more than six years of follow-up after the second examination, 81 people developed heart failure. Those aged 65 and older were most likely to develop heart failure. Persistent or worsening diastolic dysfunction was associated with heart failure, the researchers said.
The study is published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
"Cumulative heart failure incidence was 2.6% in participants whose diastolic function remained normal or normalised between examinations; 7.8% in those with persistent, or progression to mild diastolic dysfunction; and 12.2% in those with persistent, or progression to moderate or severe diastolic dysfunction," wrote Dr Garvan C. Kane, of the Mayo Clinic and Medical School in Rochester, Minn.
More information
The U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute has more about heart failure.
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