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Although breast cancer treatments have dramatically improved outcomes for women with the disease, ongoing pain continues to trouble many survivors long after they undergo a mastectomy, a new study finds.
In conducting the study, researchers examined 611 women who had a partial or total mastectomy to determine which factors contributed to their pain following the surgery. Those factors included tumour size, stress or demographics. The women had also received chemotherapy and radiation with or without hormone therapy.
One-third of the women reported persistent pain in their breast, underarm, side or arm that had not improved in the three years following their surgery.
Anxiety and depression
Researchers Dr. Inna Belfer, an associate professor of anesthesiology at the University of Pittsburgh, and her colleagues found no evidence that the type of mastectomy a woman had, the size of her tumor or treatment side effects were associated with pain following surgery.
Instead, certain psychological factors were implicated -- with anxiety, depression and trouble sleeping linked to ongoing pain following a mastectomy.
The study also found that "somatization," or psychological distress that is expressed as physical pain, was related to persistent pain after the procedure. The same held true for "catastrophising," or a tendency to fixate about pain and feel unable to cope with it, the researchers said.
The study findings were published in a recent issue of the Journal of Pain.
More information
Visit the American Cancer Society to learn more about mastectomy.
